The Asiatic Elephant is the largest living land animal in India, and by far in Asia. Most importantly, elephants help maintain forest and savanna ecosystems for other species, and are integrally tied to rich biodiversity. They are also culturally revered in India and are closely associated with religious and cultural heritage, playing an important role in the country’s history.
Although a decline in elephant population has been noticed in recent years, large numbers of sustainable herds still exist – particularly in south and northeast of the country. Elephant conservation in India though, has been an uphill task.
The Government of India launched Project Elephant in the year 1992 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme with objectives to protect elephants, their habitat and corridors; to address issues of man-animal conflict; and for welfare of captive elephants. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) provides the financial and technical support to major elephant range states in the country through Project Elephant.
There are 32 Elephant Reserves in the country are:
- Mayurjharna (West Bengal)
- Singhbhum (Jharkhand)
- Mayurbhanj (Odisha)
- Mahanadi (Odisha)
- Sambalpur (Odisha)
- Baitami (Odisha)
- South Odisha (Odisha)
- Lemru (Chattisgarh)
- Badalkhol-Tamorpingla (Chattisgarh)
- Kameng (Arunachal Pradesh)
- Sonitpur (Assam)
- Dihing-Patkai (Assam)
- South Arunachal (Arunachal Pradesh)
- Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong (Assam)
- Dhansiri-Lungding (Assam)
- Intanki (Nagaland) [Smallest]
- Chirang-Ripu (Assam)
- Eastern Dooars (West Bengal)
- Garo Hills (Meghalaya)
- Dandeli (Karnataka)
- Mysore (Karnataka) [Largest]
- Wayanad (Kerala)
- Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu)
- Rayala (Andhra Pradesh)
- Nilambur (Kerala)
- Comibatore (Tamil Nadu)
- Anamalai (Tamil Nadu)
- Anamudi (Kerala)
- Periyar (Kerala)
- Srivilliputhur (Tamil Nadu)
- Shivalik (Uttarakhand)
- Uttar Pradesh (Uttar Pradesh)
- Largest Elephant Reserve in India : Intanki, Nagaland.
- Smallest Elephant Reserve in India : Mysore, Karnataka.
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